-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512 Advisory ID: SYSS-2019-011 Product: Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 Manufacturer: Fujitsu Affected Version(s): Model No. GK381 Tested Version(s): Model No. GK381 Vulnerability Type: Cryptographic Issues (CWE-310) Keystroke Injection Vulnerability Risk Level: High Solution Status: Open (product reached end-of-life (EOL) in May 2019) Manufacturer Notification: 2019-04-01 Solution Date: - Public Disclosure: 2019-10-23 CVE Reference: CVE-2019-18200 Author of Advisory: Matthias Deeg (SySS GmbH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Overview: Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 is a wireless desktop set consisting of a mouse and a keyboard. The manufacturer describes the product as follows (see [1, 2]): "The Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 is an excellent desktop solution for users with ambition. This durable keyboard set is equipped with secure 2.4 GHz technology and plug and play technology. The elegant mouse works on most surfaces due to its precise 1000 dpi sensor. It offers fabulous features and ultra slim, portable design." Due to an insecure implementation of the data communication, the wireless keyboard LX390 is prone to keystroke injection attacks. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Vulnerability Details: SySS GmbH found out that the wireless desktop set Fujitsu LX390 is vulnerable to keystroke injection attacks, as the used data communication is unencrypted, which is described in the SySS security advisory SYSS-2019-010 (see [3]), and unauthenticated. By analyzing the used radio communication protocol, the so-called data whitening or data scrambling mechanism used by the 2.4 GHz radio transceiver, and its configuration, an attacker is able to send arbitrary keystrokes to a victim's computer system. In this way, an attacker can remotely take control over the victim's computer that is operated with an affected Fujitsu LX390 wireless desktop set. The actual configuration for a specific targeted keyboard regarding the used data whitening configuration can be learned by remotely analyzing the radio communication. In combination with the replay attack described in the SySS security advisory SYSS-2019-009 (see [4]), a keystroke injection attack allows to remotely attack computer systems with an active screen lock, for example in order to install malware when the target system is unattended. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Proof of Concept (PoC): SySS GmbH could successfully perform keystroke injection attacks against the Fujitsu wireless desktop set LX390 using a software-defined radio in combination with an in-house developed software tool utilizing GNU Radio [5]. For the protocol analysis and initial proof-of-concept attacks, Universal Radio Hacker (URH) [6] was used. SySS GmbH could also perform successful keystroke injection attacks using another in-house developed software tool in combination with the USB radio dongle Crazyradio PA and the nrf-research-firmware by Bastille Networks Internet Security written by Marc Newlin (see [7] and [8]). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Solution: The Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 reached its end-of-life (EOL) in May 2019. Fujitsu has released two new wireless keyboard sets named LX410 [9] and LX960 [10] that are not affected by the described security issue. SySS recommends replacing LX390 wireless keyboard sets used in environments with higher security demands, for instance with one of the newer successor models LX410 or LX960. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclosure Timeline: 2019-04-01: Vulnerability reported to manufacturer 2019-04-02: Fujitsu confirms receipt of security advisory and asks questions regarding the reported security issue; answered open questions 2019-04-11: Received further questions from manufacturer 2019-04-18: Answered open questions and postponed disclosure date 2019-10-08: Reminded manufacturer of the upcoming release of the security advisory 2019-10-18: Discussed details of coordinated disclosure with manufacturer 2019-10-21: Public release of security advisory ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ References: [1] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 (not available anymore) https://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx390.html [2] Data sheet Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 https://produktinfo.conrad.com/datenblaetter/1300000-1399999/001375431-da-01-en-FUJITSU_DESKTOP_SET_WIREL_LX390_WEISS.pdf [3] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2019-010 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2019-010.txt [4] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2019-009 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2019-009.txt [5] GNU Radio https://www.gnuradio.org/ [6] Universal Radio Hacker (URH) https://github.com/jopohl/urh [7] Product website for Crazyradio PA https://www.bitcraze.io/crazyradio-pa/ [8] Bastille's nRF24 research firmware and tools https://github.com/BastilleResearch/nrf-research-firmware [9] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX410 https://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx410.html [10] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX960 https://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx960.html [11] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2019-011 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2019-011.txt [12] SySS Responsible Disclosure Policy https://www.syss.de/en/responsible-disclosure-policy/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Credits: This security vulnerability was found by Matthias Deeg of SySS GmbH. E-Mail: matthias.deeg (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/PGPKeys/Matthias_Deeg.asc Key fingerprint = D1F0 A035 F06C E675 CDB9 0514 D9A4 BF6A 34AD 4DAB ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclaimer: The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible. The latest version of this security advisory is available on the SySS Web site. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Copyright: Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 3.0 URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEE0fCgNfBs5nXNuQUU2aS/ajStTasFAl2wG/sACgkQ2aS/ajSt Tav0JRAAhRswQ+EPh6xpzSeMKSiqG1+6SpGPH+oQUPvhnpJTVY4Ypz6guxpdEgo3 B+NKfC6gCuP6z9PFjkQ62/pCZjPIh4RvP3EbN+/xaG93mAw6U5cIUOUw+ZL2kvhJ WuO/171YTpGHhZn7nhCFRspuKm+8JVbfsAXOUyx4+VM72Kv0/t51r87IB00zqZQW /7npG22OdNDwheUZQy6kezRGngIOfHUT/hBxptIiGRvp+K2/rNUKY6WugECWRY1W cw8XOzayrCaPPsNhVpAXh4wCtCFczxy0i/ySX8vaWOixPYE/8ND7cA+GjeFrUaCi Y7u9YvCuP9/oZnH7FRFFNfs3Pn2lfaAlvv5GhOxdos0AK3y1w9nO3Ltg5C9zrgND dY3AokCLjuevIsTOpUNCXQxiNj0e1DJRyqrHdpDviD5b5uhIUaz3ZypJimLqigPR Bp5uM8ck84ZHx94vqltzX0u7WuuD9CikbLyZpJN/A3l0IZs3yF7OBqKt7D0nfXN+ ZRD8jhSSPXvLhUJRtM1Z4mLl8AnFU90BqDgvwEI4Ry/3zmRiS0sXo2g2yeS69uBp yi8c/Bxx/waEwnKV9UsFH0GD5KjleffOfdX7vEVKodw3Wxi2ILgn2MUAArT/b2pF dIIayneKpY++CWrSBGiTww8HTqTcgpICZ466QHG07NIzGlKnG50= =Jvuy -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----