SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab Security Advisory < 20130605-0 > ======================================================================= title: Multiple vulnerabilities in CTERA Portal product: CTERA Portal vulnerable version: 3.1 fixed version: 3.2 impact: Critical homepage: http://www.ctera.com found: 2013-02-04 by: Stefan Streichsbier SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab ======================================================================= Vendor description: ------------------- CTERA Portal is a scalable cloud service delivery platform that enables the creation, delivery and management of cloud storage applications, including file sharing and sync, backup, and mobile collaboration. Full details: http://www.ctera.com/products/products/ctera-portal-cloud-storage-delivery Business recommendation: ------------------------ By exploiting the XXE vulnerability, an unauthenticated attacker can get full read access to the filesystem of CTERA portal as root user and thus obtain sensitive information such as the root password hash from the /etc/shadow file, which, after being cracked in a short time, was revealed to be quite simple and presumably the same for all CTERA Portal installations. Furthermore, by default it is possible to login as the root user using SSH, which potentially allows attackers to fully take over unsecured CTERA Portal installations. The recommendation of SEC Consult is to immediately upgrade to version 3.2 and secure the SSH service by only allowing public key authentication. Vulnerability overview/description: --------------------------------------------- 1.) Outdated Tomcat Version The installed version of tomcat is outdated and several vulnerabilities are publicly known for it. 2.) Bypass of Temporary Account Locking The main login functionality provides a security feature that temporarily locks the account after 5 failed authentication attempts. This can be bypassed by using the WEBDAV functionality which relies on HTTP Basic Authentication. 3.) Permanent Cross Site Scripting The webdav functionality allows embedding of Javascript code in file names. This can be misused to e.g. upload a file with a specifically crafted filename to a public shared folder that becomes accessible for each user of a certain group. If any other user accesses this shared public folder over the web interface that specific user account can be taken over. 4.) XML External Entity Injection The used XML parser is resolving XML external entities which allows attackers to read files and send requests to systems on the internal network (e.g port scanning). The risk of this vulnerability is dramatically increased by the fact that it can be exploited by anonymous users without existing accounts and that the Tomcat server and thus the XML parser is running as root user. Attackers are able to read the root password hash from /etc/shadow and crack it within minutes. If the default SSH service configuration has not been secured, attackers can subsequently login to the CTERA portal via SSH as the root user and fully take over control of the system. Proof of concept: ----------------- Due to the potential impact, no proof-of-concepts are disclosed. Vulnerable / tested versions: ----------------------------- 3.1 Vendor contact log: ------------------------ 2013-02-26: Affected client sent report with vulnerability descriptions to vendor. 2013 March-May: Vulnerabilities have been analysed and a timeline for releasing patches has been scheduled. First round of patches has been published. 2013-06-05: SEC Consult releases coordinated security advisory. Solution: --------- Upgrade to version 3.2 and configure public-key-only authentication for SSH. Advisory URL: ------------- https://www.sec-consult.com/en/Vulnerability-Lab/Advisories.htm ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab SEC Consult Vienna - Bangkok - Frankfurt/Main - Montreal - Singapore - Vilnius Headquarter: Mooslackengasse 17, 1190 Vienna, Austria Phone: +43 1 8903043 0 Fax: +43 1 8903043 15 Mail: research at sec-consult dot com Web: https://www.sec-consult.com Blog: http://blog.sec-consult.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/sec_consult Secure your WordPress with MVIS Security Center! https://www.sec-consult.com/en/Portfolio/Services/MVIS-Security-Center.htm EOF Stefan Streichsbier / @2013