-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512 Advisory ID: SYSS-2015-006 Product: Kaspersky Total Security (KTS) Vendor: Kaspersky Lab ZAO Affected Version(s): 15.0.1.415 Tested Version(s): 15.0.1.415 Vulnerability Type: Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt (CWE-759) Risk Level: Low Solution Status: Fixed Vendor Notification: 2015-02-19 Solution Date: 2015-10-01 Public Disclosure: 2015-10-01 CVE Reference: Not yet assigned Authors of Advisory: Matthias Deeg and Sven Freund (SySS GmbH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Overview: Kaspersky Total Security is an endpoint protection software with many features defending users against different threats. The vendor Kaspersky describes the product as follows (see [1]): "Kaspersky Total Security - Multi-Device is our ultimate security solution protecting your privacy, money, identity, photos, files & family against Internet threats, cybercrime and malware. That's why we call it total security." ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Vulnerability Details: The SySS GmbH found out that the administrator password for protecting different functions of the Kaspersky Total Security software, like managing backups or stopping protection services, is stored as raw, unsalted MD5 hash value in the Windows registry. The used registry value "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings\OPEP" is by default readable by every user. The use of the cryptographic one-way hash function MD5 without using a salt for storing sensitive data like admin passwords allows an attacker with access to this data to perform efficient password guessing attacks using pre-computed dictionaries, for instance rainbow tables. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Proof of Concept (PoC): The configured admin password is stored as raw, unsalted MD5 hash value of the UTF-16 (wide char) string representation of the set password. For instance, it can be read using the following command: C:\Users\SySS>reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings /v OPEP HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings OPEP REG_SZ CFB37E7C04BEA837D23005199B1CD62B The read string in this example is a raw, unsalted MD5 hash value of the UTF-16 string "syss", as the following output illustrates: $ echo -en "s\x00y\x00s\x00s\x00" | md5sum cfb37e7c04bea837d23005199b1cd62b - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Solution: According to information by Kaspersky, the described security issue has been fixed in newer software releases. Please contact the manufacturer for further information or support. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclosure Timeline: 2015-02-19: Vulnerability reported to manufacturer 2015-02-19: Manufacturer acknowledges e-mail with SySS security advisory 2015-03-17: Rescheduling of the publication date in agreement with the manufacturer 2015-04-14: Rescheduling of the publication date in agreement with the manufacturer 2015-09-28: SySS asks for further information about software fix 2015-10-01: Public release of security advisory on agreed publication date ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ References: [1] Product Web site for Kaspersky Total Security http://www.kaspersky.com/total-security-multi-device [2] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2015-006 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2015-006.txt [3] SySS Responsible Disclosure Policy https://www.syss.de/en/news/responsible-disclosure-policy/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Credits: This security vulnerability was found by Matthias Deeg and Sven Freund of the SySS GmbH. E-Mail: matthias.deeg (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Matthias_Deeg.asc Key fingerprint = D1F0 A035 F06C E675 CDB9 0514 D9A4 BF6A 34AD 4DAB E-Mail: sven.freund (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Sven_Freund.asc Key fingerprint = DCDB 7627 C1E3 9CE8 62DF 2666 8A5F A853 415D 46DC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclaimer: The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible. The latest version of this security advisory is available on the SySS Web site. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Copyright: Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 3.0 URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2 iQIcBAEBCgAGBQJWDPCCAAoJENmkv2o0rU2rXgYP/iJmeC+gHmFvtsqVL2oWz0Ce XuUNWYwHZJzoEWsFDVbxkK1c4GscDwOtAmZu4A04r5MKF7X/k1Mrfh1wI7qjc8X3 51ugx/91IFg/njcvjryLnvtRl48KH9eEaz2J5E+w/QcCIvfHqka9UikQJq5iMX4c lMGp0wBh9j+TxAPmH+8xvnW9dAo1j2XdLxbetI71++E1aVhfA+uGVOIbCCInKUdp a3qJkZqO1JnYrGBJhgpO7acR+BVrcvKdciYb9czEDsZwUQsYXhAXV7AaPkpiTJDG VWNjwO6ltFTlztXtEOtLOFLaC6yLDhnShgfNUQAigeH74VnFOL/EXKMSb3yDvN24 sLfepLiubvlf604EkytvUtlx74+W100vx7Eb+4825vE842elp/4BhFmeGVBD/6FF OEKmwaZSEmu/yO1/40fEOhsMW9wptXy3BKJCKLTG1zE938SJRVNMWwYPgkHzoM2E cTN6pcUq9BST29URwoIRbW7+uxomTjKic7aStFslz4zBrZmeiq4dOstzmD5OxlO2 AjX3Is102aAYIBKwjGgwMGDEjJsovmiH5K/I0fgRA5TU/jFCPd7IzN6qDCOhwum0 3i32ziokII2oh4X73NrGuqIMfEP8A9qrDlVt2lgH7DSMRCXTKJN2CaaLSYfJlT2k Aox/6/HYons/IyaunapN =A8jl -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----