Seeker Research Center Security Advisory By Irene Abezgauz =========== I. Overview =========== An Insecure Redirect vulnerability has been identified in the .NET Form Authentication - in the Redirect From Login mechanism. This vulnerability allows an attacker to craft links that contain redirects to malicious sites in the ReturnURL parameter. The exploitation technique detailed in this document bypasses the CrossAppRedirects restriction and was successfully performed on applications that do not have EnableCrossAppRedirects in the web.config (false by default), or have the EnableCrossAppRedirects attribute explicitly set to false in web.config. A friendly formatted version of this advisory is available at: http://www.seekersec.com/advisories/AdvMS20120216.html ============ II. Details ============ The .NET Forms Authentication Redirect From Login mechanism is vulnerable to insecure redirect attacks. http://<myApplication>/Login.aspx?ReturnURL= By sending specially crafted input containing a backslash ("\") at the end of the URL as the value of the ReturnURL parameter it is possible to bypass the CrossAppRedirects restrictions and embed links that lead to sites outside the current application. Once a victim follows the specially crafted link he indeed arrives at the login screen of the vulnerable application. Once he submits his username and password and performs a successful login instead of being redirected to the URL in the DefaultURL property he will be redirected to the URL in the value of the ReturnURL parameter. To reproduce a simple Login page can be created, for example Login.aspx, and the following in web.config: <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms name=".ASPXFORMSDEMO" loginUrl="Login.aspx" protection="All" path="/" timeout="30" /> </authentication> =========== IV. Exploit =========== An attacker can embed any link that terminates with the "\" (backslash) character, for example: http://<myApplication>/Login.aspx?ReturnURL=http://www.seekersec.com\ ================== V. Vendor Response ================== Microsoft has released a fix for this vulnerability, see http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/security/bulletin/MS11-100 for further information ===================== VII. Affected Systems ===================== .NET frameworks 2.0, 3.5 and 4.0 were tested and found vulnerable to this flaw in simple login that has Form Authentication web.config configuration with default parameters. ============ VIII. Credit ============ The vulnerability was discovered by Irene Abezgauz, Seeker Security -------------------- Irene Abezgauz Product Manager Seeker Security www.seekersec.com E-Mail: irene@seekersec.com