-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512 Advisory ID: SYSS-2015-010 Product: Kaspersky Anti-Virus Vendor: Kaspersky Lab ZAO Affected Version(s): 15.0.1.415 Tested Version(s): 15.0.1.415 Vulnerability Type: Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt (CWE-759) Risk Level: Low Solution Status: Fixed Vendor Notification: 2015-02-19 Solution Date: 2015-10-01 Public Disclosure: 2015-10-01 CVE Reference: Not yet assigned Authors of Advisory: Matthias Deeg and Sven Freund (SySS GmbH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Overview: Kaspersky Anti-Virus is an endpoint protection software with many features defending users against different threats. The vendor Kaspersky describes the product as follows (see [1]): "Kaspersky Anti-Virus 2015 is your PC's first line of defense against today's complex malware threats. From the moment it's installed, you benefit from essential, real-time protection against the latest malware attacks - without affecting your PC's performance." ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Vulnerability Details: The SySS GmbH found out that the administrator password for protecting different functions of the Kaspersky Anti-Virus software, like managing backups or stopping protection services, is stored as raw, unsalted MD5 hash value in the Windows registry. The used registry value "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings\OPEP" is by default readable by every user. The use of the cryptographic one-way hash function MD5 without using a salt for storing sensitive data like admin passwords allows an attacker with access to this data to perform efficient password guessing attacks using pre-computed dictionaries, for instance rainbow tables. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Proof of Concept (PoC): The configured admin password is stored as raw, unsalted MD5 hash value of the UTF-16 (wide char) string representation of the set password. For instance, it can be read using the following command: C:\Users\SySS>reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings /v OPEP HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\KasperskyLab\AVP15.0.1\settings OPEP REG_SZ CFB37E7C04BEA837D23005199B1CD62B The read string in this example is a raw, unsalted MD5 hash value of the UTF-16 string "syss", as the following output illustrates: $ echo -en "s\x00y\x00s\x00s\x00" | md5sum cfb37e7c04bea837d23005199b1cd62b - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Solution: According to information by Kaspersky, the described security issue has been fixed in newer software releases. Please contact the manufacturer for further information or support. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclosure Timeline: 2015-02-19: Vulnerability reported to vendor 2015-02-20: Vendor acknowledges e-mail with SySS security advisory 2015-03-17: Rescheduling of the publication date in agreement with the manufacturer 2015-04-14: Rescheduling of the publication date in agreement with the manufacturer 2015-09-28: SySS asks for further information about software fix 2015-10-01: Public release of security advisory on agreed publication date ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ References: [1] Product Web site for Kaspersky Anti-Virus http://www.kaspersky.com/anti-virus [2] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2015-010 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2015-010.txt [3] SySS Responsible Disclosure Policy https://www.syss.de/en/news/responsible-disclosure-policy/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Credits: This security vulnerability was found by Matthias Deeg and Sven Freund of the SySS GmbH. E-Mail: matthias.deeg (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Matthias_Deeg.asc Key fingerprint = D1F0 A035 F06C E675 CDB9 0514 D9A4 BF6A 34AD 4DAB E-Mail: sven.freund (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Sven_Freund.asc Key fingerprint = DCDB 7627 C1E3 9CE8 62DF 2666 8A5F A853 415D 46DC ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclaimer: The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible. The latest version of this security advisory is available on the SySS Web site. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Copyright: Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 3.0 URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: GnuPG v2 iQIcBAEBCgAGBQJWDPCsAAoJENmkv2o0rU2rDcAQAJ6IhcAz55l0CPd3bX2HidLK brmiiWOJ1EoiFasVttmfWZ0Y+En+UvJRNrgeQ7mQd4KqMLAyfxmvRmm83dvXJTDT 681R45JQXIvD44olQ1dB4iDSWX2hxjfGbaMg7cZw6DYmb7GLphB1Q1ZcvFkEQRE2 /tHr8H7AbAHeAS8HhgdaUx2gxOwgRxN6S4VHxVm/yiNBAAxhtyNbkeU4aDCnrnqo A9n33XgMABm9iSJ0nyEzbmg6rOhcmJWghPPYPW2SNEPXULa3o3aox5LxrGBl+1Hw 1DVY+42EpNKH7rFzTSahSfpCuNvfA+mzv25fNTUCLr6Pr2tcryGUqNAjay3TlJx0 igm0gLrK5uHnMa8VrvD05rCQRu9XVw91ngRrvz4pbysc8Es8Qw3tmsGcF8RBqSZq yi/oCcA8Knk+RkXDBcLIJNElTs9lBbEyCYYNvIVrGPpDkT2nP4TKgZB7rBmF11cu TSw4FJuL+eGFh7dLGDm+IlTIclTzkc7VirEmi5EQlAwX5Cq9BVcRynVYTF33I480 Nmoy9CHgyqKYwCoYLFQJ1MU6ii2O+x7WHxSu9G8PBC5oHmfX+G/NzBpnBZkM/Ueg 4EAb2Zb72wyAJ/jsqoR78vFfOeabKvNB9ofrn/Nw/qY7H0fsDYmAeyJJNGBQlCWY IgVIh2fpBJOe4Fs8UPsd =mCGa -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----