-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- Hash: SHA512 Advisory ID: SYSS-2019-009 Product: Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 Manufacturer: Fujitsu Affected Version(s): Model No. GK381 Tested Version(s): Model No. GK381 Vulnerability Type: Cryptographic Issues (CWE-310) Missing Protection against Replay Attacks Risk Level: Medium Solution Status: Open (product reached end-of-life (EOL) in May 2019) Manufacturer Notification: 2019-03-22 Solution Date: - Public Disclosure: 2019-10-23 CVE Reference: CVE-2019-18199 Author of Advisory: Matthias Deeg (SySS GmbH) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Overview: Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 is a wireless desktop set consisting of a mouse and a keyboard. The manufacturer describes the product as follows (see [1, 2]): "The Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 is an excellent desktop solution for users with ambition. This durable keyboard set is equipped with secure 2.4 GHz technology and plug and play technology. The elegant mouse works on most surfaces due to its precise 1000 dpi sensor. It offers fabulous features and ultra slim, portable design." Due to an insecure implementation of the data communication, the wireless keyboard LX390 is vulnerable to replay attacks. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Vulnerability Details: SySS GmbH found out that the wireless keyboard Fujitsu LX390 is prone to replay attacks. An attacker can simply sniff the data packets of the 2.4 GHz radio communication sent by the keyboard to the receiver (USB dongle) and replay the recorded communication data at will causing the same effect as the original data communication. A replay attack against the keyboard can, for example, be used to gain unauthorized access to a computer system that is operated with a vulnerable Fujitsu LX390 keyboard. In this attack scenario, an attacker records the radio communication during a password-based user authentication of his or her victim, for instance during a login to the operating system or during unlocking a screen lock. At an opportune moment when the victim's computer system is unattended, the attacker approaches the victim's computer and replays the previously recorded data communication for the password-based user authentication and thereby gets unauthorized access to the victim's system. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Proof of Concept (PoC): SySS GmbH could successfully perform a replay attack as described in the previous section using a software-defined radio in combination with the software tool GNU Radio Companion. It was also possible to perform successful replay attacks using an in-house developed software tool in combination with the USB radio dongle Crazyradio PA and the nrf-research-firmware by Bastille Networks Internet Security written by Marc Newlin (see [3] and [4]). ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Solution: The Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 reached its end-of-life (EOL) in May 2019. Fujitsu has released two new wireless keyboard sets named LX410 [5] and LX960 [6] that are not affected by the described security issue. SySS recommends replacing LX390 wireless keyboard sets used in environments with higher security demands, for instance with one of the newer successor models LX410 or LX960. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclosure Timeline: 2019-03-22: Vulnerability reported to manufacturer 2019-03-23: Fujitsu confirms receipt of security advisory 2019-04-02: Received question from manufacturer and answered them 2019-04-11: Received further questions from manufacturer 2019-04-18: Answered open questions and postponed disclosure date 2019-10-08: Reminded manufacturer of the upcoming release of the security advisory 2019-10-18: Discussed details of coordinated disclosure with manufacturer 2019-10-21: Public release of security advisory ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ References: [1] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 (not available anymore) http://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx390.html [2] Data sheet Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX390 https://produktinfo.conrad.com/datenblaetter/1300000-1399999/001375431-da-01-en-FUJITSU_DESKTOP_SET_WIREL_LX390_WEISS.pdf [3] Product website for Crazyradio PA https://www.bitcraze.io/crazyradio-pa/ [4] Bastille's nRF24 research firmware and tools https://github.com/BastilleResearch/nrf-research-firmware [5] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX410 https://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx410.html [6] Product website for Fujitsu Wireless Keyboard Set LX960 https://www.fujitsu.com/global/products/computing/peripheral/accessories/input-devices/keyboards/keyboard-lx960.html [7] SySS Security Advisory SYSS-2019-009 https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Publikationen/Advisories/SYSS-2019-009.txt [8] SySS Responsible Disclosure Policy https://www.syss.de/en/responsible-disclosure-policy/ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Credits: This security vulnerability was found by Matthias Deeg of SySS GmbH. E-Mail: matthias.deeg (at) syss.de Public Key: https://www.syss.de/fileadmin/dokumente/Materialien/PGPKeys/Matthias_Deeg.asc Key fingerprint = D1F0 A035 F06C E675 CDB9 0514 D9A4 BF6A 34AD 4DAB ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Disclaimer: The information provided in this security advisory is provided "as is" and without warranty of any kind. Details of this security advisory may be updated in order to provide as accurate information as possible. The latest version of this security advisory is available on the SySS Web site. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Copyright: Creative Commons - Attribution (by) - Version 3.0 URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/deed.en -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- iQIzBAEBCgAdFiEE0fCgNfBs5nXNuQUU2aS/ajStTasFAl2wGtYACgkQ2aS/ajSt TasSMQ//bCaFN+1NLjXqLWcRfYUcdP+9leDesfPRdEWOuItrLzCxhN3BaSeQJoxc F/U8jct5qnw7Ybc1NMNlzIMjyqThp00gZkmllLLrhQpmbl88KowrFalhfqnpwvQU oOemWt0H7RhFpYY9qa+P1ZXQIahziIh9aPbSCXnEjnxBzf+i8kY13xmYJx5j8APY zoU7IAWU0Ec6LHTZeNfy5KZc7n6jfsFH8qQunoKTzdPvA6VeLav0N/3blYJMWla7 OkOyqm37h7X8wCa16/E5caNTWuPdkXnVORGYk7QgzTk8bOnge+3alFWx5xkH2Chl JjLu/RijcYauSrk6/TLDQcSk9xAAbPTk3xgbJPmmo6o+TqMp6EbELuSJ+g9i0ItJ qqPVa/bgGWAS3EQdSLR4BVL7p9mpyajtUiOyonqb14gpNHKl0k8klrv424oBsEqb XhloBSH5jEvByAch/E8rMuncxXVOvADhDyLZTJ+OXpNdtmKFMg3d5WP7cgArs4b+ sia6aCr2OAp5iXL34nSl9ruQr2UzueMy3SnIgt44EfccwlqvNmb8RRuMfQ0cgBPZ D8AGupbz6ecLmMyINWA3FTh0i9H1WZUIO0XT3vJsOW+Bg1tglrPQYrASQNi6yz7U +2j/v0u1/zcHLzwWpdjc982E7fcb/BxRbKY6jfwnyhQSvMAg9Eo= =ZCt8 -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----