KL-001-2020-004 : Barco wePresent Hardcoded API Credentials Title: Barco wePresent Hardcoded API Credentials Advisory ID: KL-001-2020-004 Publication Date: 2020.11.20 Publication URL: https://korelogic.com/Resources/Advisories/KL-001-2020-004.txt 1. Vulnerability Details Affected Vendor: Barco Affected Product: wePresent WiPG-1600W Affected Version: 2.5.1.8, 2.5.0.25, 2.5.0.24, 2.4.1.19 Platform: Embedded Linux CWE Classification: CWE-798: Use of Hard-coded Credentials CVE ID: CVE-2020-28329 2. Vulnerability Description Barco wePresent device firmware includes a hardcoded API account and password that is discoverable by inspecting the firmware image. A malicious actor could use this password to access authenticated, administrative functions in the API. 3. Technical Description This vulnerability concerns the existence of default, hardcoded credentials that can be used to access an API service listening on port 4001/tcp. The password exists in clear text in /etc/lighthttp/admin and in a hashed form in etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.user. This information was obtained by downloading the firmware from wePresent's site and unpacking the firmware. URL for the firmware is https://www.barco.com/en/support/wepresent-wipg-1600W/drivers. Binwalk, with recursive scanning of extracted files, only partially unpacks the firmware. We devised a way to gracefully unpack the firmware using 'dd', see KL-001-2020-009 for further details. 4. Mitigation and Remediation Recommendation The vendor has released an updated firmware (2.5.3.12) which remediates the described vulnerability. Firmware and release notes are available at: https://www.barco.com/en/support/software/R33050104 5. Credit This vulnerability was discovered by Jim Becher (@jimbecher) of KoreLogic, Inc. 6. Disclosure Timeline 2020.08.24 - KoreLogic submits vulnerability details to Barco. 2020.08.25 - Barco acknowledges receipt and the intention to investigate. 2020.09.21 - Barco notifies KoreLogic that this issue, along with several others reported by KoreLogic, will require more than the standard 45 business day remediation timeline. Barco requests to delay coordinated disclosure until 2020.12.11. 2020.09.23 - KoreLogic agrees to 2020.12.11 coordinated disclosure. 2020.09.25 - Barco informs KoreLogic of their intent to acquire CVE number for this vulnerability. 2020.11.09 - Barco shares CVE number with KoreLogic and announces their intention to release the updated firmware ahead of schedule, on 2020.11.11. Request that KoreLogic delay public disclosure until 2020.11.20. 2020.11.11 - Barco firmware release. 2020.11.20 - KoreLogic public disclosure. 7. Proof of Concept After unpacking the firmware: $ ls -al etc/lighttpd/admin -rwxr-xr-x 1 jbecher jbecher 36 Feb 6 23:42 etc/lighttpd/admin $ more etc/lighttpd/admin [REDACTED] The contents of this advisory are copyright(c) 2020 KoreLogic, Inc. and are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 4.0 (United States) License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ KoreLogic, Inc. is a founder-owned and operated company with a proven track record of providing security services to entities ranging from Fortune 500 to small and mid-sized companies. We are a highly skilled team of senior security consultants doing by-hand security assessments for the most important networks in the U.S. and around the world. We are also developers of various tools and resources aimed at helping the security community. https://www.korelogic.com/about-korelogic.html Our public vulnerability disclosure policy is available at: https://korelogic.com/KoreLogic-Public-Vulnerability-Disclosure-Policy.v2.3.txt