SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab Security Advisory < 20210714-0 > ======================================================================= title: Authentication bypass & Remote code execution product: Multiple Schneider Electric EVlink Charging Stations vulnerable version: Firmware R7 (Version V3.3.0.15) fixed version: Firmware R8 (Version V3.4.0.1) CVE number: CVE-2021-22707, CVE-2021-22708 impact: Critical homepage:https://www.se.com/ <https://www.se.com/> found: 2021-03-08 by: Stefan Viehböck (Office Vienna) SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab An integrated part of SEC Consult, an Atos company Europe | Asia | North America https://www.sec-consult.com <https://www.sec-consult.com> ======================================================================= Vendor description: ------------------- "Our mission is to be your digital partner for Sustainability and Efficiency. We drive digital transformation by integrating world-leading process and energy technologies, end-point to cloud connecting products, controls, software and services, across the entire lifecycle, enabling integrated company management, for homes, buildings, data centers, infrastructure and industries. We are the most local of global companies. We are advocates of open standards and partnership ecosystems that are passionate about our shared Meaningful Purpose, Inclusive and Empowered values." Source:https://www.se.com/ww/en/about-us/ <https://www.se.com/ww/en/about-us/> Business recommendation: ------------------------ The vendor provides a firmware update for the affected charging stations which should be installed immediately. SEC Consult highly recommends to perform a thorough security review of the Schneider Electric EVlink product line conducted by security professionals to identify and resolve potential further security issues. Vulnerability overview/description: ----------------------------------- 1) Authentication Bypass with Undocumented Hard Coded Credentials (CVE-2021-22707) The authentication for the EVlink administration web interface can be bypassed with undocumented and hard coded HTTP cookie values. Initial analysis indicates that this authentication method is intended for local authentication by the "evse" service. 2) Lack of Secure Update Mechanism / Remote Code Execution (CVE-2021-22708) An authenticated attacker can upload arbitrary, malicious firmware updates to the device and thus gain remote code execution. The firmware integrity is checked by generating a SHA256 hash of the firmware update contents and a hard coded value and comparing it against a hash stored within the firmware update (CONTROL file). An attacker can create a malicious firmware update by modifying the firmware contents and adjusting the hash in the CONTROL file. Based on public information we believe this vulnerability type was once reported as CVE-2018-7801 by Positive Technologies before. The patch notes [1] indicate that a signature was introduced in R6 software v3.2.0-12 as a fix. It is likely this fix did not actually fix the vulnerability. [1]https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_enDocType=Software+-+Release+Notes&p_File_Name=Annotation_to_SEVD-2018-354-01_Security+Notification.pdf&p_Doc_Ref=annotation_SEVD-2018-354-01 <https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_enDocType=Software+-+Release+Notes&p_File_Name=Annotation_to_SEVD-2018-354-01_Security+Notification.pdf&p_Doc_Ref=annotation_SEVD-2018-354-01> Proof of concept: ----------------- 1) Authentication Bypass with Undocumented Hard Coded Credentials (CVE-2021-22707) The web interface authentication can be bypassed by setting the following HTTP cookie values: - CURLTOKEN=b35fcdc1ea1221e6dd126e172a0131c5a - SESSIONID=admin With those cookies the attacker is logged in with admin permissions. 2) Lack of Secure Update Mechanism / Remote Code Execution (CVE-2021-22708) The file "epk-install.sh" stored in /mnt/datas/opt/evse/epk-install.sh performs the validation of the firmware update image. Below is an excerpt: =========================================================== [...] cd $INSTALL_DIR [...] # extract files from archive (epz is an epk.gz, but tar xf will handle it) tar xf "$file" if [[ ! -f CONTROL ]]; then abort "KO, missing signature" fi echo $private_key > private find . -type f | grep -v CONTROL | xargs sha256sum | awk '{print $1}' | sort | sha256sum > ../CONTROL2 mv ../CONTROL2 . rm private if [[ "`diff CONTROL CONTROL2`" != "" ]]; then cat CONTROL CONTROL2 abort "KO, signatures mismatch" fi [...] =========================================================== The $private_key parameter is not a cryptographic signature. It is a hard coded key found in the "cgiServer" and "evse" binary and not a cryptographic signature. The value is: 67acdb2bce676ac1b1766c99b07f37fa591ea5f39f57afc874bab704a0a36964 It is placed in the firmware directory during the computation of the SHA256 hash. This script can be modified easily to provide a valid hash for the CONTROL file. Vulnerable / tested versions: ----------------------------- The vulnerabilities have been found in the firmware R7 (Version V3.3.0.15), which is the latest version at the time of discovery. Initial analysis indicates that at least the following Schneider Electric products are affected: - EVlink Charging Smart Wallbox - EVlink Parking - EVlink City ranges Vendor contact timeline: ------------------------ 2021-03-11 | Contacting vendor throughcybersecurity@schneider-electric.com <mailto:cybersecurity@schneider-electric.com> 2021-03-11 | Vendor response, vulnerabilities are under investigation. 2021-03-11 | Vendor response, vulnerabilities confirmed, fix and disclosure scheduled for July 2021. 2021-07-14 | Coordinated release of security advisory. Solution: --------- Update to the most recent firmware version provided on the vendor's website. Version R8 V3.4.0.1 includes a fix for the vulnerabilities. Further information can be found in the Schneider Electric security notification: http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-194-06 <http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-194-06> Workaround: ----------- None Advisory URL: ------------- https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/ <https://sec-consult.com/vulnerability-lab/> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab SEC Consult, an Atos company Europe | Asia | North America About SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab The SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab is an integrated part of SEC Consult, an Atos company. It ensures the continued knowledge gain of SEC Consult in the field of network and application security to stay ahead of the attacker. The SEC Consult Vulnerability Lab supports high-quality penetration testing and the evaluation of new offensive and defensive technologies for our customers. Hence our customers obtain the most current information about vulnerabilities and valid recommendation about the risk profile of new technologies. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Interested to work with the experts of SEC Consult? Send us your applicationhttps://sec-consult.com/career/ <https://sec-consult.com/career/> Interested in improving your cyber security with the experts of SEC Consult? Contact our local officeshttps://sec-consult.com/contact/ <https://sec-consult.com/contact/> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Mail: research at sec-consult dot com Web:https://www.sec-consult.com <https://www.sec-consult.com> Blog:http://blog.sec-consult.com <http://blog.sec-consult.com> Twitter:https://twitter.com/sec_consult <https://twitter.com/sec_consult> EOF Stefan Viehböck / @2021